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Natural Science Forum / Biology / Evolution / June 2008



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Paper: Evolution of Mammals and Their Gut Microbes

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Robert Karl Stonjek - 20 Jun 2008 23:53 GMT
Originally published in Science Express on 22 May 2008
     Science 20 June 2008:
     Vol. 320. no. 5883, pp. 1647 - 1651
     DOI: 10.1126/science.1155725

Evolution of Mammals and Their Gut Microbes
Ruth E. Ley, Micah Hamady, Catherine Lozupone, Peter J. Turnbaugh, Rob Roy
Ramey, J. Stephen Bircher, Michael L. Schlegel, Tammy A. Tucker, Mark D.
Schrenzel, Rob Knight, Jeffrey I. Gordon
Mammals are metagenomic in that they are composed of not only their own gene
complements but also those of all of their associated microbes. To
understand the coevolution of the mammals and their indigenous microbial
communities, we conducted a network-based analysis of bacterial 16S
ribosomal RNA gene sequences from the fecal microbiota of humans and 59
other mammalian species living in two zoos and in the wild. The results
indicate that host diet and phylogeny both influence bacterial diversity,
which increases from carnivory to omnivory to herbivory; that bacterial
communities codiversified with their hosts; and that the gut microbiota of
humans living a modern life-style is typical of omnivorous primates.

Source: Science
1155725
Posted by
Robert Karl Stonjek
kangarooistan - 29 Jun 2008 07:28 GMT
On Jun 21, 7:53 am, "Robert Karl Stonjek" <rston...@bigpond.net.au>
wrote:
>       Originally published in Science Express on 22 May 2008
>       Science 20 June 2008:
[quoted text clipped - 20 lines]
> Posted by
> Robert Karl Stonjek

[moderator's note: Fascinatin' stuff follows; how much is relevant,
and how much is non-bollocks, I leave to the readership. - JAH]

Reminds me of research I did into camels , that showed big differences
in two adjacent paddocks that showed big changes when one paddock had
poly pipes and water troughs installed several years ago

The older iron pipes and troughs showed big differences in growth
rates , with mildly radio active water from nearby mound springs being
used for both paddocks , it became clear that the intestinal microbes
were actually feeding of the increased algae growth seen in the steel
troughs to supplement the camels diets

Camels drinking direct from mound springs and camels drinking from
poly troughs were identical , all camels were related from the same
mob , and identical grazing and food , and groups of camels moved
between these three mobs soon matched the results of the new group
after 12 months  yet even to an untrained eye the "steel trough
camels" looked much more robust than the other two mobs

Research ongoing , into algae , iron , saline water, camels

kangarooistan
=============

cut and paste from another message board on this topic
==============================================
Q where is the largest sheet of limestone [calciumum carbonate ] and
what built it

Nullarbor Plain
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Nullarbor Plain is part of the area of flat, almost treeless, arid
or semi-arid country immediately north of the Great Australian Bight.
The word Nullarbor is derived from the Latin nullus for 'nothing' or
'no one' and arbor for 'tree', and is pronounced "NULL-uh-
bore" (IPA: /
ˈnʌləbɔr/). It is the world's largest single piece of limestone, and
occupies an area of about 200,000 km² (77,200 sq miles)[1].
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nullarbor_Plain

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> Its so simple you will laugh , I forgive you as it does sound silly .
> But some s will eventually test it , it cost nothing to at least test
[quoted text clipped - 47 lines]
> your local algae must be tested first as its often best...
>  many thanks  kangarooistan

When the experts finally discover that algae from the mound springs in
South australia can store more carbon dioxide than any other method
known for free , they will eventually be forced to admit that
kangarooistan had indeed cured global warming and solved the worlds
food shortage all for free
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spencer_Gulf

experts are so dumb it will take them another 10 years to work out
what any ordinary person could discover in 10 minutes flat

One day they will discover it is exactly like the Woolemi Pine tree
they discovered left over from the dinosaur times in an " isolate "
time capsule
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wollemia

http://www.sea-us.org.au/roxstop97/msinfo1.htm

The mound springs contain ancient Algae that will cure global warming
and feed the world more sea food than they could ever eat 10 times
over for free , algae plus iron tin cans will cure global warming ,
but experts are so dumb they need time for it to sink in , be patient
mate

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wollemia
http://www.sea-us.org.au/roxstop97/msinfo1.htm

When the algae from the mound springs enters salt water in Spencer
Gulf  , with iron in
it  from Whyalla , it is like a explosion of life , the algae grows so
fast it keeps
the largest fishing fleet in Australia busy catching all the fish and
prawns that eat algae
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whyalla,_South_Australia

When the fish die they leave behind Calcium carbonate , { limestone ]

Where do you think the largest single slab of limestone should be
found if kangarooistan is right

Nullarbor Plain
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Nullarbor Plain is part of the area of flat, almost treeless, arid
or semi-arid country immediately north of the Great Australian Bight.
The word Nullarbor is derived from the Latin nullus for 'nothing' or
'no one' and arbor for 'tree', and is pronounced "NULL-uh-
bore" (IPA: /
ˈnʌləbɔr/).

It is the world's largest single piece of limestone, and occupies an
area of about 200,000 km² (77,200 sq miles)[1]. At its widest point,
it stretches about 1,200 km from east to west between South Australia
(SA)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nullarbor_Plain

If the experts actually looked they would soon discover what nature
does with excess unwanted carbon in the air , nature has been doing it
for thousands of years and is happy to keep doing it for free , just
give nature the iron and the algae and watch , the evidence is over
whelming , thats why experts refuse to look , they only want very
expensive cures that will employ them all for life , once the public
discover the truth and simply add their used food tin cans to the
sea , all the experts will lose their jobs over night

see pics of limestone cliffs
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Australian_Bight

Anybody with eyes can see how nature has used Arabunna Algae and iron
in salt water to build the largest carbon sink on earth , over 3
billion years for free and all based on fish bones from eating
arabunna algae flowing out of Spencer Gulf
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spencer_Gulf

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algae

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_fertilization

Test any area of the ocean you like

There is a direct link between iron algae sea water and carbon sink

It can be tested anywhere , test how much iron in the water and the
exact proportion of algae and fish and carbon  > limestone always
follow

Add tin / steel waste food cans to your sea water and watch what
happens

It really is that simple , algae don't care what iron they eat , sea
food will eat the algae , you can eat the fish

one kg of iron cans will lock away 83 tons of carbon as limestone

kangarooistan
=============
 
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