Natural Science Forum / Physics / Fusion / January 2008

GB0706059.3 28/03/2007 ELECTROMAGNET THERMONUCLEAR REACTOR

Thermonuclear Fusion Reactor
The principle of our fusion reactor
In any volume of air or hydrogen at room temperature fusion reactions are
going on and you get "fluctuation noise" from this and it is the source of a
small amount of energy. The use of a tuned circuit acts as a flywheel to
these explosions and synchronizes them so that a large amount of power may
be extracted.
The dynamic impedance is the important thing and then if Z is the dynamic
impedance then W=12Z. The current, I, is generated by the fusion reactions
by inductive coupling.
The hydrogen executes fusion: 4H1>He4+y the energy released is the
difference in mass between the 4 protons and the He nucleus (lighter) and
E=mc2 this is considerable. The calculation is as follows: 4x1.0079 -
4.00260 =0.029 so 4 grams of hydrogen release 2.61E12 Joules when transmuted
to helium.
The capacitor is connected across the coil.
It should start by itself, if not a pulse of current from a battery should
suffice, use a circuit breaker to make a single pulse.

Diagram 1
When I did the experiment at RSRS thirty five years ago we did not use
semiconductors. The over voltage regulator was a saturable reactor out of a
spitfire and the start up was a 300 amp pulse from a car battery controlled
by a thyratron. I cannot recall details. If it ran at 25000 volts then the
current would be 530 amps. This is a better ratio. I cannot recall how many
turns the coil had only that it was copper pipe wound into a coil about 50
cm long and 80 cm diameter insulated by a plastic coating. I ran a ¼ HP
electric motor off it. I think it was 500 turns (inductance 6.2mH).

Diagram 2
Coil with Pyrex glass tube of low pressure hydrogen running down the axis.
The hydrogen has a breakdown voltage of 5KV a meter and with a pipe of 2 cm
diameter I make it 47 volts per turn.
The frequency would be 1.3KHz and the tuning capacitor 2.5uF, 50KV
It is likely that this part of the machine ran at 25 KV at 530 amps
The pressure on the plasma would be 28 M Pa and the plasma current 265KA
A rectified secondary winding of 5T would give DC into an inverter and the
output of the inverter 250 Volts 80 amps.
A vacuum tube circuit is required to power the saturable reactor.
The problem this engine causes is with the problem with the investors in the
petrochemical industry, I have therefore modified the specification to use
hydrogen from petrol as indeed all commercial hydrogen always was. The
vehicle design now used a catalytic converter in the fuel line to take the
petrol and yield hydrogen and soot so preventing contamination and petrol
used in this way does about 200 miles a gallon. The normal pumps can be used
and the oil industry is unchanged.
The reactor runs of hydrogen and this is easily obtained by electrolysis of
water. The water is split to hydrogen and oxygen and the oxygen vented to
the air, the hydrogen is passed through the fusion reactor and about 1%
converted to helium. The vented mixture of hydrogen and helium is passed
through a filter of thin aluminum foil that passes the helium to vent to air
and the hydrogen is recycled through the fusion reactor, after 100 cycles
nearly all is converted to helium this increases the yield of the reactor.
18 ml of water contains 2 grams of hydrogen so if all this is converted to
helium a yield of 2.61E12 Joule.
A 50 HP car is at 400 watt a horse 20,000 watt so 18g of water will last
130.5 million seconds or 36250 hours or at 60 MPH - 2 million miles. You
only need to fill up once. 18 g of water is 18 ml or about a wine glass
full. The fuel will last 4 years.
A domestic home will run for 4 years on a wine glass of water.
It has been said that this power unit will destroy the economy, well so it
will, but it will "save the human race" and put a new economy in its place.
Like all other novel suggestions from the spinning jenny to the pneumatic
loom or the steam engine, a version of which was built tried and tested at
Kingston University in 1998 and is believed to be used in British warships.
Industrialists make money by selling hydrogen made by the catalytic cracking
of petrol.
The power comes from the fusion reactions between hydrogen nuclei. This
takes place at room temperature and in the tuned circuit the energy is fed
back to increase the energy of the gas and thus the reaction rate.
It may be necessary to start the reaction with a 12 volt 300 amp battery
using a 300 amp circuit breaker in an auxiliary circuit a car battery
delivers 300 amps at 12 volt
The yield of hydrogen nuclei 4P>He is given by (4 x 1.0079 - 4.0026) x c^2
per mole > 0.000029Kg x c^2=2.61E12 Joule per mole > 1.305E12 Joule per g.

The density of hydrogen is 0.08988 g/L at atmospheric pressure but at 3 torr
this is 3 x 0.08988 g/L/760 = 0.000354789 g/L. The tube 10 cm long and 2.5
cm in diameter has a volume of .000049 cubic meters or .049 liters. So the
total mass of gas is 1.74E-5g microgram. So the yield will be 22.707E6
Joules. At 20 KW the hydrogen will burn for 1135.35 second. That is 18.9
minutes.
So a supply of hydrogen 9.2E-7/minute has to be supplied but regulated to
match the burn rate. This part of the design is quite complex.
My experience as a child indicates that 28" of vacuum is sufficient but with
hydrogen the power is too high.
Rate of reaction
The rate depends on the pressure and temperature. The active region is a
tiny volume along the axis where the temperature must reach 200 Million K
and the pressure is over a metric ton per square meter. If there is too much
hydrogen in the tube the rate exceeds the capacity to contain the fusion
cloud and the tube with flash as the containment breaks down this happens
when the current capacity is exceeded. This is only is of importance at high
pressures. However if the tube size is small and the pressure is kept low
the explosion is contained within the tube and immediately cools down. If
the pressure should increase to atmospheric and ignition occurs there is a
possibility of a small explosion. This could be equivalent to 17 Kg of TNT.
Regulator:
This is a saturable reactor connected across the coil so that when the peak
voltage reaches 25KV it conducts and so limits the peak voltage of the
reactor.
The peak detector is a potentiometer connected across the coil tapped at 5
volts so that a 710 comparator with a 5 volt reference may go high when the
peak is reached. This drives a grid of a valve (common cathode) so that goes
high thus driving a valve low, the anode circuit of the valve drives the 600
amp capacity saturable reactor so when the valve conducts the saturable
reactor is off and when the valve is off the saturable reactor conducts.
This works for alternating current thus shunting the fusion coil when it
reaches its peak.

Diagram 3

If I remember rightly this is the Thermo-nuclear reactor. The hydrogen is
generated by catalytic cracking of petrol. A red hot (600 C) tube filled
with Iron granules will turn petrol into hydrogen and soot, the soot has
used such as fertilizer and the hydrogen is sold to the consumer in little
pressure tubes, 500 miles or 1000 mile sizes, this way petrol does 500 miles
per gallon. The air powered version we made caused a supernova and nearly
all the unit vaporized, I was out at the time. The car version can be made
with the cracker in the fuel line so using the normal petrol station. The
hydrogen version would use hydrogen from the petrochemical feedstock. Petrol
used in this way does about 500 miles a gallon. I suggest the priced at $2
for the 500 mile and $3.50 for the 1000 mile version. The version running on
water will be cheaper to run than the hydrogen or petrol version.
©Christopher Strevens 2008

can you elaborate what was the main idea of that experiment??

Yes See above the object it to generate continuous electrical power.

TIA
Y.Porat
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