>> Because the level of background radiation demonstrates that no such
>> thing is occurring.
>
> Since we have real time videos of cold fusion being done by high school
> students, a rational debate to the contrary is futile.
Real time videos of boiling liquid mean nothing.
A rational rebuttal of their experiments follows.
From tables of data, e.g.
http://jlnlabs.imars.com/cfr/html/cfrdatas.htm
it follows that they first heat the electrolyte to about boiling
temperature, ~80C. Then they turn on load and boil the
liquid for 30-200 seconds, then stop.
Their estimation of "output" energy has two parts.
One is the energy absorbed by heat capacity of the bulk
liquid. They take an initial mass of fluid and its temperature, and
a final mass of fluid with final temperature, this a sort of direct
measurement, and it is more or less clear.
However, there is 2-3% loss of fluid due to violent boiling.
To account for this loss, they "correct" their heat estimations.
They ASSUME that the loss of liquid mass was solely due to
evaporation, therefore they add the energy of evaporation
to the total estimated "output". As result of this correction, their
total appears to be bigger than the electrical input.
If you look into their data tables and calculate the value of
their "evaporation correction" to the total output, it ranges
from 20 to 220% (for the first 8 experiments in the table),
sometimes 500%.
Their error is in assumption that all the missing water has
evaporated. Anyone who observed a boiling pot would
notice that bursting bubbles create water mist, small droplets
that are not evaporated but carried away by surrounding hot
air. Therefore, their assumption that ALL MISSED WATER
was missing due to evaporation is incorrect.
As result, a reasonable accounting for non-evaporated
droplets will likely change their "excess" into "deficit", as
it should be.
The above scenario explains most of their results: higher initial
temperature and more violent boiling give them better
results. Shorter experiments (more violent boiling) give more
"excess" than longer, less active runs. Of course, changing
geometry of electrodes also affects the intensity of boiling,
therefore their result are also affected. The above scenario
also explains why the "excess of heat" can also be observed
by high-school students who did not use any heavy water
nor rare palladium electrodes in their setups.
In summary, alleged "excess power" in all Muzino-style
experiments is based on overly-optimistic estimation of
uncontrolled losses of liquid. Directly-measured output
heat never exceeds input power.
As I have shown above, the experiments are not "controlled"
as you believe they are. Therefore, the rest of your post is in
error too:
> Cold Fusion
> happens and it has occured in controlled experiments thousands of
[quoted text clipped - 6 lines]
> Columbus' ships came upon the horizon. If you disbelieve something
> strong enough, you can't see it.
Merry Christmas,
-aap
Hello,
Before I was "taken away" I had hot fusion and cold fusion working together
on the laboratory bench without any particular trouble.
The cold fusion was reconed to be a pretty good way of making a cheap street
lamp light source and hot fusion (too dangerous for commercial use) was
quickly captured by the military.
Well where would you find cold fusion lighting and hot fusion powered stuff
but in ....
Well they never stop for fuel!
They never did pay me.... Not even an enhanced pension or a country mansion,
just about sweet nothing now they talk lovingly about the advantage of
having two holes in the head.
Oh and the thermonuclear hand grenade that just takes out a tank, so useful
but since it is no better than TNT but a bit cheaper there was no need to
make it. And no one wants the $10 electrically ignited hydrogen fusion
bomb. (pp9 batter went flat btween tests).
It wasn't God who stopped the 5000 hydrogen bomb holocaust but the Secret
service sabotage of the manufactering system and the army of invasion went
home because an agent posing as the commander told them to go home.
It is quite serious but I think the wealth created everywhere was really
what it was worth, peace creates wealth, not war.
I would be nice to have a bigger pension. And a pardon for all those nasty
stories about me. And a nice lady to share my declining years with.
I give up, I surrender....
What happened to my best friend after her public execution? (She screamed
all the way to the block...) I wonder what she did? That was after her
screams for mercy as the cut out her brain...
She has in fact been executed three or four times according to reports I
get, thats really interesting and I'm told she now does a cleaning job, so
what, half the world do that. And oh - she's in a top security prison
protesing her innocence.
In fact I'm unlikely to recognise her because she was one of 6000 students
that I sort of saw from time to time.
I think she was in reality an engineer on some ESA project oh well engineers
are five a penny.
I think she offered me £1000 a week for a job in her office if I gave up
commuism which was something I never was, never believed in, never really
existed and never had any contact with any communists. It was a problem
because I could not give up something I never was.
It is just than any person living in the empire of the socialist soviets has
to say he is or he cannot survive. Well your work is what you do and money
buys the food, shelter and so forth that makes you a person. Westerners
speak gobledegook. I'm in the land that never was... Tell me comrade "Where
is the West?" "How do I become a member of the West?" "What does it mean?"
"Am I not a westerner already?".. "Is there an exam?" "can I take a course
in being a Westerner?" "Do I need a Gun?".
It appears that her project involved a return of a sample of Martian soil to
the Earth with the object of detecting any life. The church militant
stamped on her and have huge celebrations of victory over this helpless
little shard of carbon as if they have won yet another victory over the
Enemy. The vaunt and talk of their putting down of the innocent girl like
she was a mighty army and they howl like wolves. Have you ever heard men
howl? Its quite disturbing but a wolf is a mans best friend the most
dangerous animal in the forest is another man... As in the human jungle of
the West.
Perhaps I should watch TV more often.
Star Treck?