>What is microbial loading? When and where should it be done? Why is it
>that one has to choose plates that contain only 30 - 300 colonies?
It is a rule of thumb, a guideline. There is no "rule". It just is
usually good that way. And if you do 10-fold dilutions, you should get
into that range. If colony counts are too low, your counting
statistics are poor. If counts are too high, you start getting
crowding, and thus coincident colonies. Of course, the latter point
depends on colony size. Use your judgment, in the light of your needs.
If you had large colonies, perhaps you could only count 10 per plate.
So you would use lots and lots of plates to improve counting
statistics.
If the main goal is isolation, rather than counting -- then the lower
limit does not hold. The fewer the better!
bob