Natural Science Forum / Physics / Particle Physics / August 2004

The gravitational force is caused by spin 2 force carriers.
When these interact with vacuum particles and protons and electrons
they become fermions with positive and negative electric charges.
Gravity is a pushing force caused by the spin 2 carriers and
by the fermions they become.In the case of the Earth spin 2 carriers
from space strike atoms on and in the Earth and some of the fermions
created
are deflected back into space along with some unchanged spin 2
carriers.
These deflected carriers and fermions reduce the force of gravity to
below what
it would be if no deflection occured and if there was an unopposed
flow
of spin 2 from space (for a much larger mass like the Sun,the fermions
created from spin 2 are less numerous and less energetic and have a
reduced chance
of getting back to the surface of the Sun once inside it and among its
atoms.
This is because the spin 2 come in different wavelengths and interact
differently with a mass of a different density to the Earth.The result
is that the spin 2 flow from space is less opposed and the Sun has a
stronger gravitational field than Newton's theory would predict.)
The fermions deflected into space interact with bosons that give
rest mass to other particles and compress the bosons increasing their
density.As the fermions travel further from Earth they lose kinetic
energy and
compress the bosons less and less.The compressed bosons physically
slow
clocks down ( a photon bouncing between mirrors in a mirror clock has
to scatter off more bosons nearer to the Earth's surface and so the
clock ticks more slowly).Mass increases for the same reason in special
relativity -
the bosons get compressed more the faster a particle strikes them
( the mass depends on the strength of a repulsive force which gets
greater
as a particle penetrates closer to the mass-causing boson's geometric
centre).
Neutron star degeneracy pressure and the pressure that stops black
holes from collapsing to a point is caused by the fermions created by
spin 2 gravitational force carriers (the fermions are dark
energy).There are at least 10^45 carriers per cubic metre in the
vicinity of a neutron star whose neutrons are separated by 10^-15
metres.This is because there must be at least one spin 2 gravitational
force carrier per neutron.
Given all the points mentioned above,it is not surprising that
Einstein's field equations are non-linear.