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Natural Science Forum / Physics / Relativity / December 2004



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General Realativity Comprehension

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west - 29 Dec 2004 07:30 GMT
When do students of Astronomy or Physics start to understand general
relativity. Is it while they are in the Master's level? Can anyone guess a
percentage? Thank you. This question may sound trivial, but please indulge
me. It means a great deal to me. Thanks again.
Cordially,
west
David Evens - 29 Dec 2004 10:34 GMT
>When do students of Astronomy or Physics start to understand general
>relativity. Is it while they are in the Master's level? Can anyone guess a
>percentage? Thank you. This question may sound trivial, but please indulge
>me. It means a great deal to me. Thanks again.
>Cordially,
>west

The mathematical background for understanding GR is usually adequate
by the end of the undergrad physics degree aimed at preperation for
graduate school.  In fact, my alma mater (University of Guelph) used
to offer a course in 4th year physics called 'Topic In Physics' that
was about GR in alternate years.
David Evens - 29 Dec 2004 10:34 GMT
>When do students of Astronomy or Physics start to understand general
>relativity. Is it while they are in the Master's level? Can anyone guess a
>percentage? Thank you. This question may sound trivial, but please indulge
>me. It means a great deal to me. Thanks again.
>Cordially,
>west

I haven't look recently, but the University of Guelph used to offer a
4th year physics course called "Topics in Physics" that was about GR
every other year (I don't recall what it was about in the other
years).  Most other schools probably introduce it at the end of the
physics undergraduate degree aimed at those intending to go into
physics graduate school.  (You are unlikely to find an undergraduate
astronomy program, as an astronomer needs ALL the baground material an
undergrad physics degree gives anyway, and there are rather a lot
fewer positions arround for astronomers than physicists.  Astronomy is
more a physics speciality today than anything else.)
Bilge - 29 Dec 2004 15:23 GMT
west:
>When do students of Astronomy or Physics start to understand general
>relativity. Is it while they are in the Master's level? Can anyone guess a
>percentage? Thank you. This question may sound trivial, but please indulge
>me. It means a great deal to me. Thanks again.

 The basic mathematical formalism is probably accessible to most upper
level undergraduates in math and physics. However, I really think it
requires some graduate courses to appreciate it in terms of the physics
ot contains.
Bill Hobba - 29 Dec 2004 22:31 GMT
> west:
>  >When do students of Astronomy or Physics start to understand general
[quoted text clipped - 6 lines]
> requires some graduate courses to appreciate it in terms of the physics
> ot contains.

I would agree with that.  I did a degree in math and studied GR from
Landau - Classical Theory of Fields.  The math was accessible but the
physics took some time to grasp.  It was not until I had studied the Feynman
Lectures, studied SR from Render - Introduction to SR and read another
book - Ohanian an Ruffini - Gravitation and Space-time that I began to
actually understand it.  When I started posting here about 5 years ago now I
thought because I read Landau and other references I understood it - it
became glaringingly obvious from posts of people who actually did understand
it I did not.  I am still doing that even after all these years.  In a sense
it is rather interesting because most people think the math is the hard
part - it is not - understanding the physics is.  It is even more
interesting in light of the crank brigades claim you often see around here
it is just a math theory and can not represent reality.  When you study the
real deal the exact opposite becomes glaringly obvious.

Thanks
Bill
carlip-nospam@physics.ucdavis.edu - 29 Dec 2004 17:48 GMT
> When do students of Astronomy or Physics start to understand general
> relativity. Is it while they are in the Master's level?  

This varies a great deal.  Most universities in the U.S. only
offer general relativity as a graduate course, typically in the
second year, but an increasing number are setting up undergraduate
courses.  (UC Santa Barbara has taught undergraduate general
relativity for years; Jim Hartle's textbook, _Gravity_, came out
of that.)

Steve Carlip
Creighton Hogg - 29 Dec 2004 18:25 GMT
> > When do students of Astronomy or Physics start to understand general
> > relativity. Is it while they are in the Master's level?  
[quoted text clipped - 5 lines]
> relativity for years; Jim Hartle's textbook, _Gravity_, came out
> of that.)

Here at UW Madison we usually teach GR as an undergrad class once a year.  
A few years ago we used a pre-printed version of Hartle.  I should check
out the finished version sometime.
Eugene Shubert - 29 Dec 2004 21:06 GMT
The initial moment that a student begins to understand GR is somewhat
subjective. There are many essential points that define the
fundamentals of the theory. For me, being able to compute time delay
and gravitational red shift with the Equivalence Principle was a
watershed moment.

I never felt that I understood SR in a profound way until I realized
that it is possible to derive the Lorentz transformation from the
Galilean transformation.

http://www.everythingimportant.org/relativity/special.pdf
Eugene Shubert
Ken S. Tucker - 29 Dec 2004 23:50 GMT
I agree with everybody...(in this thread!)

My post is just for fun, but it's truthful....

I was about 4-years old and tumbled down a stair case,
my a.s et al discovered the Quantum Gravitational Field Theory.
As I was not hurt much, I took it upon myself from time to time to
roll down stairs, shoot not much different than playing tackle
football.

As Mr. Shubert suggests, I too found the relation of red-shift, photon
energy and g-potential, as related to a spacetime *warp* to be very
sensible, in fact it looked like common sense, once one appreciates
that measurement (surveying) is defined by light rays.

Classical GR isn't really that difficult, I understood it in HS,
heck even W. Pauli wrote a fine treatment at age 19.

The hard part about GR is learning  what you don't know,
specifically where it interfaces with EM and QT.

As some may recall, I question how the concept germaine
to GR that all motion, including accelerated motion is relative,
in the presence of the Lorentz force (f_u = q*F_uv U^v).

I'm particularily frustrated that f_u is regarded as an absolute
accelerating force, so I've argued f_u=0, from the PoV of strict
GR. In my view, that's where concentration of effort is reasonable,
to experiment with the theoretics of GR.

Specifically the historical assumption that the geodesic given by
the intrinsic derivative DU^u =0, that is a Law in GR becomes subjegate
to the Lorentz force ((by prostitution,sorry)), to form

DU^u = f^u   === Lorentz Force

is an abomination of GR!

Who's the boss? GR or Lorentz Force?  (rhetorical).

Classically, we disregard the General Theory of Relativity
of motion described by

DU^u=0

so that Lorentz's  f_u  =/=0.

I turn to the experimentalist's, specifically to QT, and find
it's necessary to set f_u=0 in accord with DU^u=0, and therein,
(if true), find GR underwrites the otherwise adhoc QT.

QT has good support experimentally, but is shaky by principle.
However, I find GR actually predicts QT, and underwrites the
foundation for Planck's hypothesis, that has been subsequently
evolved and improved mathematically.

To wind up, I think GR is a theory in progress.
Ken S. Tucker
 
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