Natural Science Forum / Physics / Electromagnetism / June 2006

We consider a glass system with tree glass plates (all having weak
neglectable absorption). All of these three
glass plates shall have an different refraction index, that means non of
these three indexes shall be equal.

Given that collinear mounted cross (90 degrees) polarized yagi antennas
can produce a circularly beam with proper phasing, how could torque be
produced?  Neither beam is producing it individually, the circularity is
all due to phasing between 2 antennas that do not couple.

As i understand, EM waves do not penetrate the metals. Only a small
portion of the energy is absorbed depending on the skin depth and rest
is all reflected.So how do the antennas, which are all metallic, absorb
the wave power?

$$                    Gerard Westendorp wrote: >

$$           Eric Gisse wrote: >  > Y.Porat wrote: -=-

$$  REST (iNTRiNSiC) energy m*c^2 increases with motion, Dimwit.!!

A common opinion that a moment of the Poynting vector is spin is a
common delusion due to a serious defect of the general field theory. We
present a circularly polarized Laguerre-Gaussian beam without an
azimuth phase structure as an evidence of this. It is shown that the

Hello group,
Could someone point me to a reference(s) that deal with RF interaction
with very thin conducting films.  By thin I mean having a thickness of
the order and smaller than a skin depth.

There was a recent thread about the inductance of a flat verses round
wire. Here is a paper that covers the round wire very well.  The method
used should be able to be extended to a flat wire.
The paper, and many other interesting ones, can be found at:

Has the use of x-rays for telecommuncations ever been considered? I
imagine that x-ray photons would have more bandwidth than
visible-spectrum photons. Other than bandwidth, are there any
advantages to using x-rays instead of light. One major disadvantage, is

What is the shortest wavelength at which EM radiation is non-ionizing?
Thanks,
Radium

$$                      How & Why GPS works.
$$      [GPS REset & PREset equation (CORRECTED 11/06/06)].
$$
$$  (GPS daily REset FACTOR) = (GPS *PREset* FACTOR - VLO REset):

sorry for the "simple" question but I am trying to figure out what is
the speed of electricity in a wire, not the speed of the electrons in
the wire but rather the time required for the potential front to reach
the end of a wire. I don't know if this a good example but say we have

who can help me on this? maybe you know this device called Avramenko's
plug: a simple circuit of 2 oposite diodes. At one end,  the cathode of
one and anode of the other joined together, in between the 2 other ends
you place a charge eg a light bulb (call it side B). When injecting ...

A question on Antenna torque
An antenna emits a circularly polarized EM wave
EM Frequency (w)
2.29 gigahertz    2.29E+09 hertz