Natural Science Forum / Physics / Research / July 2008

A few simple questions:
1) Whats the exact value of Hydrogen line?
2) And under what condition(s) is this value holds true?
Regards,

The following article:
http://cmathphil.blogspot.com/2008/07/on-penroses-argument-against-density.html
addresses Penrose’s criticism (Penrose, 2004, The Road to Reality) of
the usage of the density operator when dealing with pure quantum

All,
Something about the Hawking-Ellis presentation of GR has long bothered
me. In their presentation -- which i take to be more or less
definitive -- the starting point is a manifold that you can cover with

test
test

Suppose you have the light-source and dual-slit and screen, setup so
you get the classic interference pattern on a screen, and you make a
new slit in the screen in the center just where you have the dark
band.

I've remember reading somewhere than ELF [Extremely Low Frequency]
radio transmission is inefficient because it requires to much power.
If that is the case, wouldn't MW [Medium Wave] radio transmission
require even more power?

Schrödinger's Universe
One of the very best books, that has recently come out, is Dr. Milo
Wolff's brand new book: Schrödinger's Universe.
I've just now finished reading it and I predict that someday it will be

By what, if any, methods other than by means of the Lienard-Wiechert
potentials can the electric and magnetic fields of a moving point-like
charge be derived? Any references would be greatly appreciated.
Armin

I once did a calculation for a NG, sci.military.moderated IIRC,
concerning the lethality of the hypothetical weapon given a beam pulse
energy comparable to the muzzle energy of a conventional handgun (about
700J).

I am looking for any reference (article, textbook, etc.) that explains
the transition from classical continuum mechanics to classical point
mechanics (i.e. Newton, Lagrange or Hamilton) in *this* direction. This
would likely mean starting from the differential conservation laws ...

In response to a fair amount of recent discussion about Foldy-Wouthuysen
on sci.physics.foundations, someone suggested that a Wiki article be
started on this topic because at present there is none.
As the primary provocateur of this discussion, I have taken a crack at

In reading a paper I came across an expression that, while simple, I
didn't really understand the interpretation of:
<out|A|in>/<out|in>
Where |in> and |out> are just two different states at time t1 and t2

After several attempts, I finally succeeded to compare my proposal with
the Lambda-CDM model.
This essay can be downloaded at http://www.e-kr.org/ .
Thank you in advance for your comments.

I have noticed that Einstein stresses in various places that, whereas
the speed/velocity of light is constant in SR, it is not in GR.
The reason for my current source of confusion here is that Einstein
wrote in German, where there is no linguistic distinction between

[Moderator's note:  I have set followups to the poster.  -P.H.]
I would like to consult in private with with young talented physicists
on a variety of topics. Including, but not limited to: quantum
electrodynamics, solid-state physics, fluid dynamics, electromagnetic